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2008-11-05 1:49 PM

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Mountain View, CA
Subject: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
So, California's proposition 8 has passed, meaning that the California constitution will be amended with the following text:

"Only marriage between a man and a woman is valid or recognized in California."

I have some questions on what the next steps might be for those who'd like to see this amendment overturned in one way or another, and I'm hoping that our resident legal scholars can clear things up. I know that it could be removed by another ballot measure, or presumably by a bill in the state legislature; I'm mostly wondering about how the courts might deal with it.

My first question is about how the amendment relates to the ruling that the California Supreme Court (CASC) that overturned the previous ban on same-sex marriages (prop 22). As I understand it, the CASC decided to strike down prop 22 on equal protection grounds. But the amendment as written doesn't address the right that the CASC found that same-sex couples have to marry, it only addresses what marriages are recognized in the state. So, can an amendment to the state constitution be inherently unconstitutional?

If so--and this is my next question--if the prop 8 amendment is at odds with (unconstitutional under) the rest of the state constitution, how does one arrive at a formal declaration of its unconstitutionality? Is another CASC case required? Can the CASC even rule on the constitutionality of parts of the state constitution that it's meant to abide by?

Finally, am I correct in my understanding that the only way that the US Supreme Court could review this issue is on the question of whether or not the amendment to the CA constitution is unconstitutional under the US constitution?


N.B.: I'd like to keep this thread to a discussion of the legal process. If you'd like to argue for or against same-sex marriage, please feel free to do so in this thread:

http://www.beginnertriathlete.com/discussion/forums/thread-view.asp?tid=138233&posts=170&start=1

(Edit because after a late election night, my html-fu is weaker than usual.)

Edited by puellasolis 2008-11-05 1:50 PM


2008-11-05 2:16 PM
in reply to: #1789811

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Pro
4353
200020001001001002525
Wallingford, PA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
I don't know the answer to your questions, but I have another one...

What's the legal status of same-sex couples who were married in CA befor prop 8 passed? I guess they're "un-married" now?
2008-11-05 2:24 PM
in reply to: #1789913

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Mountain View, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
jsnowash - 2008-11-05 12:16 PM

I don't know the answer to your questions, but I have another one...

What's the legal status of same-sex couples who were married in CA befor prop 8 passed? I guess they're "un-married" now?


Yeah, that's another question that I have. I know ChrisM has said that civil rights cannot be retroactively revoked, but the amendment doesn't address the court's decision on whether or not gay couples have the right to marry. It only addresses whether or not those marriages will be recognized. So in effect, since the marriages won't be recognized, isn't that effectively the same as invalidating the existing marriages? (Even if the marriage licenses themselves aren't destroyed.)
2008-11-05 2:26 PM
in reply to: #1789811

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Philadelphia, south of New York and north of DC
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)

puellasolis - So, can an amendment to the state constitution be inherently unconstitutional? If so--and this is my next question--if the prop 8 amendment is at odds with (unconstitutional under) the rest of the state constitution, how does one arrive at a formal declaration of its unconstitutionality?

My understanding is that it can not be unconstitutional under the CA state constitution, since it is now part of the constitution.

I believe any state constitution/ammendments can be found unconsitutional according the federal constitution.

I'm not sure about this at all. ASA22 and ChrisM would probably know for sure.



Edited by dontracy 2008-11-05 2:27 PM
2008-11-05 2:32 PM
in reply to: #1789950

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Mountain View, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
dontracy - 2008-11-05 12:26 PM

puellasolis - So, can an amendment to the state constitution be inherently unconstitutional? If so--and this is my next question--if the prop 8 amendment is at odds with (unconstitutional under) the rest of the state constitution, how does one arrive at a formal declaration of its unconstitutionality?

My understanding is that it can not be unconstitutional under the CA state constitution, since it is now part of the constitution.

I believe any state constitution/ammendments can be found unconsitutional according the federal constitution.

I'm not sure about this at all. ASA22 and ChrisM would probably know for sure.


Perhaps my use of the word "unconstitutional" was incorrect. Can this amendment be declared contradictory to or inconsistent with the rest of the constitution? And if so, must the constitution be amended/revised to address the inconsistency? How?

And as an amendment to my original post, I've now heard rumblings about a revision to the constitution, which would require a constitutional convention... anyone know more about this? My knowledge is woefully lacking in this area.
2008-11-05 2:36 PM
in reply to: #1789960

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Philadelphia, south of New York and north of DC
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)

puellasolis - Can this amendment be declared contradictory to or inconsistent with the rest of the constitution? 

Good question. I don't know.

 



2008-11-05 2:44 PM
in reply to: #1789811

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Elite
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20001000500
San Jose, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
according to the Ca. Attorney General, we are still married...but this can be challenged in court.  At least that is the last I heard.  I wonder how they inform us that our marriage is disolved ... annuled....cancelled...Just curious if I will get an official notice, or do I just read about it in the paper?
2008-11-05 2:47 PM
in reply to: #1789811

Master
2009
2000
Charlotte, NC
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
runningwoof, I just want to say I'm sorry.  I would have never thougth it would pass in CA.
2008-11-05 2:47 PM
in reply to: #1789972

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Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
dontracy - 2008-11-05 1:36 PM

puellasolis - Can this amendment be declared contradictory to or inconsistent with the rest of the constitution? 

Good question. I don't know.

 

 

I'm not a lawyer, but I play one on TV...

 The short answer is no.  Whenever an amendment to a Constitution is passed, it supersedes any previous contradictory parts of the Constitution, and the amendment does not have to specifically state which parts those are.

 For example, the 17th amendment to the US Constitution declares that senators from the various states will be selected by popular vote.  Previously, they had been appointed by the state legislatures, so that the state governments had their interests represented in the federal government.  The 17th amendment changed that provision, without stating in the amendment exactly what was being altered from the original document.

 The California Supreme Court must judge the constitutionality of a law by comparing it to the constitution of that state, therefore this amendment cannot be challenged in state court.  A case would have to go to the Supreme Court of the US to overturn this amendment, as Federal courts trump state courts.  Such a decision would also have the effect of overturning similar constitutional clauses or amendments in several other states as well, and I think SCOTUS is more likely to leave it as a state's rights issue under the 10th amendment rather than ruling on it in a federal sense.  That is, unless the make up of the court changes drastically over the next couple of years...

 Just my $0.02.  Like I said, I'm not a lawyer.

2008-11-05 3:20 PM
in reply to: #1789811

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Champion
15211
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Southern Chicago Suburbs, IL
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
Not to hijack the thread, but I was surprised that to pass an change to the State's Constitution that it only required a simple majority.  Not a "Super Majority" or 2/3's vote or something along those lines.  I realize it is a State's Rights issue, but still surprised me.
2008-11-05 3:23 PM
in reply to: #1790109

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Master
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Sacramento, California
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)

crowny2 - 2008-11-05 3:20 PM Not to hijack the thread, but I was surprised that to pass an change to the State's Constitution that it only required a simple majority.  Not a "Super Majority" or 2/3's vote or something along those lines.  I realize it is a State's Rights issue, but still surprised me.

That surprised me too...



2008-11-05 3:25 PM
in reply to: #1789811

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Elite
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20001000500
San Jose, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)

They reported that the fact that minorities were coming out more to vote, particularly Latino (especially the Latino's as Catholic organizations made huge contributions to the yes cause) and African-american's hurt the No on 8 cause...becuase these groups are largley more involved in the churches that were championing the Yes on 8.  To me, I find this odd, since it is for civil rights that they were coming out to vote, and yet, they voted against a civil rights issue the mirrors closely issues related to minorities in the past. 

Today I am crushed, I will be for a while....But eventually I will HTFU and begin the fight anew.  But honestly, I said this in my log...I felt like last night, someone told me to go "sit in the back of the bus".  I thought about putting signs around my office on a few water fountains saying "straights" on some and "Gays" on others...and doing the same with bathroom doors...but that would not mean anything to the people here, as I suspect most of the people I work with voted against prop 8...so it would be preaching to the choir....

I didn't mean to bring politics to a non political thread.  Many have a false conclusion that all of CA is libral...and in reality, only the most populated coastal cities are...

On a side note...I was offended that my polling place was a church that had a Yes on 8 sign on its front lawn.  I felt that was in really bad taste, and next time I vote I will have to do an absentee ballot, in fear of bursting into flames going into the church again. 

 

2008-11-05 4:24 PM
in reply to: #1790124

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Champion
15211
500050005000100100
Southern Chicago Suburbs, IL
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
runningwoof - 2008-11-05 3:25 PM

They reported that the fact that minorities were coming out more to vote, particularly Latino (especially the Latino's as Catholic organizations made huge contributions to the yes cause) and African-american's hurt the No on 8 cause...becuase these groups are largley more involved in the churches that were championing the Yes on 8.  To me, I find this odd, since it is for civil rights that they were coming out to vote, and yet, they voted against a civil rights issue the mirrors closely issues related to minorities in the past. 

Today I am crushed, I will be for a while....But eventually I will HTFU and begin the fight anew.  But honestly, I said this in my log...I felt like last night, someone told me to go "sit in the back of the bus".  I thought about putting signs around my office on a few water fountains saying "straights" on some and "Gays" on others...and doing the same with bathroom doors...but that would not mean anything to the people here, as I suspect most of the people I work with voted against prop 8...so it would be preaching to the choir....

I didn't mean to bring politics to a non political thread.  Many have a false conclusion that all of CA is libral...and in reality, only the most populated coastal cities are...

On a side note...I was offended that my polling place was a church that had a Yes on 8 sign on its front lawn.  I felt that was in really bad taste, and next time I vote I will have to do an absentee ballot, in fear of bursting into flames going into the church again. 

 

Just as an FYI, that may not have been legal.  Check with your local voting board. 

2008-11-05 5:47 PM
in reply to: #1789811

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Elite
3519
20001000500
San Jose, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
What is done is done...I knew it wasn't legal..or at least thought it wasn't legal...I thought there was a distance from the polling place the sign needed to be...and it wasn't right in front of the door where you walk in to vote...it was on the front lawn around the corner...but still on the churches property...I sort of figure there is some sort of clause or something...but it doesn't matter...my county opposed prop 8...so there is no use in fighting it...
2008-11-05 6:32 PM
in reply to: #1790525

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Master
1641
100050010025
Seattle, California
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)

runningwoof - 2008-11-05 3:47 PM What is done is done...I knew it wasn't legal..or at least thought it wasn't legal...I thought there was a distance from the polling place the sign needed to be...and it wasn't right in front of the door where you walk in to vote...it was on the front lawn around the corner...but still on the churches property...I sort of figure there is some sort of clause or something...but it doesn't matter...my county opposed prop 8...so there is no use in fighting it...

Canada welcomes you ...  I was watching this issue closely and was shocked by the result.  Someday this discrimiation will end.



Edited by Global 2008-11-05 6:37 PM
2008-11-05 6:35 PM
in reply to: #1790595

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Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
Global - 2008-11-05 4:32 PM

runningwoof - 2008-11-05 3:47 PM What is done is done...I knew it wasn't legal..or at least thought it wasn't legal...I thought there was a distance from the polling place the sign needed to be...and it wasn't right in front of the door where you walk in to vote...it was on the front lawn around the corner...but still on the churches property...I sort of figure there is some sort of clause or something...but it doesn't matter...my county opposed prop 8...so there is no use in fighting it...

Canada welcomes you

Nice try, we're keeping him.  And while we're at it, we still want you to take Celine Dion back.



2008-11-05 6:38 PM
in reply to: #1790595

Subject: ...
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Edited by AcesFull 2008-11-05 6:39 PM
2008-11-05 6:38 PM
in reply to: #1790602

Master
1641
100050010025
Seattle, California
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
ChrisM - 2008-11-05 4:35 PM
Global - 2008-11-05 4:32 PM

runningwoof - 2008-11-05 3:47 PM What is done is done...I knew it wasn't legal..or at least thought it wasn't legal...I thought there was a distance from the polling place the sign needed to be...and it wasn't right in front of the door where you walk in to vote...it was on the front lawn around the corner...but still on the churches property...I sort of figure there is some sort of clause or something...but it doesn't matter...my county opposed prop 8...so there is no use in fighting it...

Canada welcomes you

Nice try, we're keeping him.  And while we're at it, we still want you to take Celine Dion back.

We worked really hard to get you guys to take her.  Yes we can...

2008-11-05 6:42 PM
in reply to: #1789811

Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)

You ask some very good and tangled questions, and yes, the main challenge is that it's inconsistent with other constitutional provisions.  See http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-gaymarriage6-2008nov06,0,2331815.story (article addresses the 2/3 vs 51% issue as well)

as for what happens to the current marriages, I believe they will remain valid, which creates some sticky situations of its own (now if a gay couple gets divorced they cannot marry again, etc.)  But even that I suppose is up for debate, or will be

Sorry I don't have a lot of answers, I don't think many people do



Edited by ChrisM 2008-11-05 6:50 PM
2008-11-05 6:45 PM
in reply to: #1789942

Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)

puellasolis - 2008-11-05 12:24 PM
jsnowash - 2008-11-05 12:16 PM I don't know the answer to your questions, but I have another one... What's the legal status of same-sex couples who were married in CA befor prop 8 passed? I guess they're "un-married" now?
Yeah, that's another question that I have. I know ChrisM has said that civil rights cannot be retroactively revoked, but the amendment doesn't address the court's decision on whether or not gay couples have the right to marry. It only addresses whether or not those marriages will be recognized. So in effect, since the marriages won't be recognized, isn't that effectively the same as invalidating the existing marriages? (Even if the marriage licenses themselves aren't destroyed.)

 

As of [the date of the amendment], a marriage is between a man and a woman.  As of woof's wedding day, the constitution didn't say that.  it would be a legal impossibility, since it only addresses marriages from that date forward.

Of course, the mormons and KOC could challenge all gay marriages and prove me wrong

I am shocked and saddened that 8 passed.  As woof referenced, Obama hurt it, since many more African Americans voted in this election, and exit polls showed that they were in favor of it 70-30.  Huge margin

2008-11-05 6:49 PM
in reply to: #1790615

Mountain View, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
ChrisM - 2008-11-05 4:42 PM

You ask some very good and tangled questions, and yes, the main challenge is that it's inconsistent with other constitutional provisions.  See http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-gaymarriage6-2008nov06,0,2331815.story

as for what happens to the current marriages, I believe they will remain valid, which creates some sticky situations of its own (now if a gay couple gets divorced they cannot marry again, etc.)  But even that I suppose is up for debate, or will be

Sorry I don't have a lot of answers, I don't think many people do



Thanks, Chris, and thanks also to other people who've weighed in. I just posted about the ACLU suit in my log an hour or two ago. It strikes me as a procedure-oriented challenge, since the court's decision in May already seems to answer the question about whether or not it's an equal protection issue.


2008-11-05 6:52 PM
in reply to: #1790623

Mountain View, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
ChrisM - 2008-11-05 4:45 PM

puellasolis - 2008-11-05 12:24 PM
jsnowash - 2008-11-05 12:16 PM I don't know the answer to your questions, but I have another one... What's the legal status of same-sex couples who were married in CA befor prop 8 passed? I guess they're "un-married" now?
Yeah, that's another question that I have. I know ChrisM has said that civil rights cannot be retroactively revoked, but the amendment doesn't address the court's decision on whether or not gay couples have the right to marry. It only addresses whether or not those marriages will be recognized. So in effect, since the marriages won't be recognized, isn't that effectively the same as invalidating the existing marriages? (Even if the marriage licenses themselves aren't destroyed.)

 

As of [the date of the amendment], a marriage is between a man and a woman.  As of woof's wedding day, the constitution didn't say that.  it would be a legal impossibility, since it only addresses marriages from that date forward.


But, given that the amendment says that only marriages between a man and a woman will be recognized, doesn't that indicate that from the date of the amendment forward, any consideration of marital status will be done with that qualification in mind? It seems to me that the way it's worded, it will impact not the validity of the marriages in and of themselves, but whether or not they're recognized for the purposes of, say, spousal benefits and such. Does that make sense?
2008-11-05 7:05 PM
in reply to: #1790645

Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
puellasolis - 2008-11-05 4:52 PM
ChrisM - 2008-11-05 4:45 PM

puellasolis - 2008-11-05 12:24 PM
jsnowash - 2008-11-05 12:16 PM I don't know the answer to your questions, but I have another one... What's the legal status of same-sex couples who were married in CA befor prop 8 passed? I guess they're "un-married" now?
Yeah, that's another question that I have. I know ChrisM has said that civil rights cannot be retroactively revoked, but the amendment doesn't address the court's decision on whether or not gay couples have the right to marry. It only addresses whether or not those marriages will be recognized. So in effect, since the marriages won't be recognized, isn't that effectively the same as invalidating the existing marriages? (Even if the marriage licenses themselves aren't destroyed.)

 

As of [the date of the amendment], a marriage is between a man and a woman.  As of woof's wedding day, the constitution didn't say that.  it would be a legal impossibility, since it only addresses marriages from that date forward.

But, given that the amendment says that only marriages between a man and a woman will be recognized, doesn't that indicate that from the date of the amendment forward, any consideration of marital status will be done with that qualification in mind? It seems to me that the way it's worded, it will impact not the validity of the marriages in and of themselves, but whether or not they're recognized for the purposes of, say, spousal benefits and such. Does that make sense?

Actually, it says "only marriage between a man and a woman is valid or recognized in California." 

I see what you're asking.  So when a gay couple applies for benefits, the authority says "I don't recognize your marriage."  Legally, I have a hard time believing that will happen, since the US Const. prohibits ex post facto laws.  Perhaps proof of marriage date between "X" and 11/4/08 will be required, who knows.

ANother problem, if they remain valid, we have yet another equal protection issue.  Treating similarly situated people differently and denying one class the right to marry the same sex (marriage is a right under the Cal Const.)  So it gets challenged, a court is asked to decide, what does it say?  To equalize treatment all gay marriages invalidated? 

I like to think I am right, but a quick google search reveals that scholars much more intelligent than I are having a difficult time with this one.......

2008-11-05 7:21 PM
in reply to: #1790683

Mountain View, CA
Subject: RE: Legal question re: prop 8 (not political)
ChrisM - 2008-11-05 5:05 PM

puellasolis - 2008-11-05 4:52 PM
ChrisM - 2008-11-05 4:45 PM

puellasolis - 2008-11-05 12:24 PM
jsnowash - 2008-11-05 12:16 PM I don't know the answer to your questions, but I have another one... What's the legal status of same-sex couples who were married in CA befor prop 8 passed? I guess they're "un-married" now?
Yeah, that's another question that I have. I know ChrisM has said that civil rights cannot be retroactively revoked, but the amendment doesn't address the court's decision on whether or not gay couples have the right to marry. It only addresses whether or not those marriages will be recognized. So in effect, since the marriages won't be recognized, isn't that effectively the same as invalidating the existing marriages? (Even if the marriage licenses themselves aren't destroyed.)

 

As of [the date of the amendment], a marriage is between a man and a woman.  As of woof's wedding day, the constitution didn't say that.  it would be a legal impossibility, since it only addresses marriages from that date forward.

But, given that the amendment says that only marriages between a man and a woman will be recognized, doesn't that indicate that from the date of the amendment forward, any consideration of marital status will be done with that qualification in mind? It seems to me that the way it's worded, it will impact not the validity of the marriages in and of themselves, but whether or not they're recognized for the purposes of, say, spousal benefits and such. Does that make sense?

Actually, it says "only marriage between a man and a woman is valid or recognized in California." 

I see what you're asking.  So when a gay couple applies for benefits, the authority says "I don't recognize your marriage."  Legally, I have a hard time believing that will happen, since the US Const. prohibits ex post facto laws.  Perhaps proof of marriage date between "X" and 11/4/08 will be required, who knows.

ANother problem, if they remain valid, we have yet another equal protection issue.  Treating similarly situated people differently and denying one class the right to marry the same sex (marriage is a right under the Cal Const.)  So it gets challenged, a court is asked to decide, what does it say?  To equalize treatment all gay marriages invalidated? 

I like to think I am right, but a quick google search reveals that scholars much more intelligent than I are having a difficult time with this one.......


Okay, I see what you're saying (bold). I guess we'll have to wait and see how things play out, but I sort of doubt it will be long before a test case comes up.

I was wondering about the additional equal protection issue, since we now have three classes of people in California: opposite-sex couples, same-sex couples who are married, and same-sex couples who are unmarried and can't get married. Interesting.

ETA: My bad with the reading comprehension: FAIL on the text of the amendment.

Edited by puellasolis 2008-11-05 7:22 PM
2008-11-05 7:45 PM
in reply to: #1789811

Subject: ...
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