What is the proper way to make a U-turn on a bike on a regular street?

Get in the left turn lane and when the light turns green for a left turn pull your u-turn.  If there is no left turn lane then when the light turns green just hang out by the yellow line until there is no oncoming traffic and make your u-turn.  When in doubt of what to do on the road, pretend your a car.

That's a lot of lanes to be biking with!  Try a jersey left.  That is when you get to a light, pull onto the side street to your right and wait at the light to go left.

If it's an on road bike lane, I start to work my way over to the left turn lane just like if I were a car and in the rightmost driving lane.  It's ok to ride in the road lanes if you're on a bike.   So, when you're waiting to turn, you are firmly in the left turn lane.

If it's an off road bike lane, then I just use the intersection like a pedestrian.

If it's a VERY busy road, I might pull off the bike lane and use the intersection like a pedestrian.  I am pretty brave about riding in traffic, but it takes the ability to be seen, drive straight while looking over your shoulder, etc.  If you can't ride and look over your shoulder I recommend crossing the street like a pedestrian.

P.s. I was thinking about this more and I'd probably use the intersection or the "jersey left" method for a U-turn.  What I describe is really better for a left turn only.

my head hurts from looking at this. LOL

Do what you would do if you were in a car.  Bikes follow the same rules.  Assuming you normally follow the rules when you're in the car.

I would get into the left turn lane when safe to do.  I'd try to time it so I hit a gap in traffic so I could get all the way over.  I would try not to wait until the last second.

When turning the corner I would take a fairly direct route over to the bike lane as opposed to working my way across one lane at a time.  I don't want others that may be u-turning an opportunity to pass me on my right before I got over.

In your multi-lane example if the road is quiet/there is no traffic coming up behind me I would move left and use the turn lane.

When the road is busy I pull off to the side and use the pedestrian crossing.  It may not be the correct way/quickest way but Im not pulling in front of traffic thats coming up to me at relative speeds of 30-40mph and hoping that the first guy (and the guy behind him and the guy behind him . . . . . ) sees me and slows down.  Not worth it.

Other technique - turn right into a quieter side road then U-turn and come back to turn left at the lights.

You have to really complicate things by riding on 4-lane BUSY roads! 

On a quiet road, I'll look around to make sure nobody is coming up behind me and make my U-turn. 

If there are multiple lanes, I'll move to the left lane and signal a left turn.  Unlike in a car, I'll most likely head straight to the bike lane ASAP so that any cars behind me can do their U-turns into the proper (i.e. left-most) lane. 

In general, I wouldn't try to do a U-turn on a 4-lane road...Depending on lights and traffic, I'd do 3 rights and a left or 3 lefts and a right, or turn into a parking lot and then come out in the direction I want to go. 

Well that's part of my HIM course (they close it off to traffic through the various tris they hold there per year, very popular road) and I'll be visiting it often in the next few months

I like the part of unmounting and using the crosswalk as a pedestrian, that's probably the route I'll take.